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For a physiologically relevant interaction ligand and recept
2019-11-14
For a physiologically relevant interaction, ligand and receptor have to be expressed in the same place. Collagen II is found primarily in cartilage. DDR2 is expressed in proliferating chondrocytes in vivo, and its staining pattern in tibial growth plates is similar to that of collagen II. In additio
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br Discussion The present results demonstrate that high dose
2019-11-14
Discussion The present results demonstrate that high dose estrogen–progestogen OC treatment produced impaired glucose tolerance and glucose tolerance was preserved during low dose estrogen–progestogen, high or low dose progestogen-only OC use. The study also shows that impaired glucose tolerance
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br Introduction Schistosomiasis one of the major parasitic d
2019-11-14
Introduction Schistosomiasis, one of the major parasitic diseases that affect humans in tropical and subtropical countries, is an acute and chronic condition caused by blood flukes (trematode worms) of the genus Schistosoma (World Health Organization, 2014). Schistosomiasis infects over 240 milli
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br Introduction Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma ESCC is
2019-11-14
Introduction Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most common types of cancer in East Asia and is a leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide.1, 2 Surgery is widely used for treatment in localized disease, where it can provide definitive management and potential cure. Tre
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br Conclusions Mulan is a mitochondrial E ubiquitin
2019-11-14
Conclusions Mulan is a mitochondrial E3 ubiquitin ligase with diverse roles in cell growth, cell death, and mitophagy. To better understand the mechanism of Mulan\'s function we used a modified yeast two-hybrid system to isolate proteins that interact with its cytoplasmic RING domain (amino acids
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In the present study we used linagliptin one of the
2019-11-14
In the present study, we used linagliptin, one of the commercially available DPP-4 inhibitors, because it has more long-lasting inhibition of DPP-4 activity than other drugs of this class. We hypothesized that linagliptin may interact with intercellular components, not only with DPP-4 on the plasma
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Here we explored the relative contribution of D like and
2019-11-14
Here we explored the relative contribution of D1-like and D2-like receptor subtypes in the control of glutamate release, as well as their pharmacological properties and their interactions modulating the release. The pharmacological parameters (EC50 and Emax) of dopamine for the different types of re
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br STAR Methods br Author Contributions br Acknowledgments
2019-11-13
STAR★Methods Author Contributions Acknowledgments The authors thank Monika Kuhn for excellent technical assistance and Dr. Antje Schäfer for valuable scientific input. H.S. was supported by the DFG (FZ 82; Graduate School of Life Sciences and SCHI 425-6/1), and A.V.S. by Northwestern Univer
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An AmDH is engineered by mutating two
2019-11-13
An AmDH is engineered by mutating two conserved amino CGP 54626 hydrochloride residues in the active site of an amino acid dehydrogenase (AADH). Starting from the leucine dehydrogenase (LeuDH) from Bacillus stearothermophilus, substituting a serine and leucine at the K68 and N261 positions, respect
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br Acknowledgement br Introduction Recent
2019-11-13
Acknowledgement Introduction Recent developments in cancer immunotherapies have demonstrated durable responses, suggesting that effective immunotherapy would hold promise to improve patient outcome (Gunturu et al., 2013; Hodi et al., 2003; Lutz et al., 2011; Ribas et al., 2009). However, attem
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br Material and methods br Results Diagrammatic representati
2019-11-13
Material and methods Results Diagrammatic representations showing the bilateral injection sites in the BNST of all animals used in the present study are presented in Fig. 1. Discussion The present results provide the first evidence that both CRF1 and CRF2 receptors in the BSNT are involved
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br Outcome of COX overexpression
2019-11-13
Outcome of COX-2 overexpression Although a causal role for COX-2 has been proposed, mechanisms by which COX-2 function contributes to the pathogenesis of hyperplastic disease are not well defined. To examine if there is any correlation between COX-2 and p53 protein levels, Kumagai et al. [15] rec
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Bearing in mind that temperamental traits
2019-11-13
Bearing in mind that temperamental traits are genetically determined, in the present study we have chosen to investigate COMT and OPRM1 gene polymorphisms related to stimulation of the nervous system, which is extremely important in combat sports. The μ-opioid receptor gene OPRM1 is located on the
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Our study demonstrates that the duration of
2019-11-13
Our study demonstrates that the duration of storage under the conditions analysed did not have a major effect on the recovery efficiency for any of the swabs (Fig. 1). However, up to 4-fold differences in the recovery efficiencies were observed between the different swabs tested (Fig. 2). Using the
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Other enzymes outside of the circadian clock also have
2019-11-13
Other PFI-1 australia outside of the circadian clock also have effects on CR. Lithium, a drug used to treat bipolar disorder, has been shown to lengthen τ in a variety of systems [17]. While the molecular mechanism whereby lithium exerts its therapeutic effect is unclear, it is known to be an inhib
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