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    • In our study P VAS was steeply

    2018-11-01

    In our study, P-VAS was steeply reduced over the duration of the study. It has been described that new mattresses require time to deliver full benefit [10], nevertheless there is no agreement of the amount of break-in time. Rosekind [33] suggested 15 nights long and others just 5 or 6 nights long [6]; moreover Scharf et al. [34] consider that only one night could be enough to adapt. Our tested mattress showed a significant result as soon the first evaluation at day 7. In our study the improvement in musculoskeletal pain did not show a significant correlation with BMI. The literature describe that people who are overweight might be more sensitive to changes in hardness than thinner people [35]. If comfort depends on hardness, subjects with variable BMIs will need mattresses of different hardness to feel equally comfortable. Several other factors such as age, nicturia, polypharmacy and psychotropic medication, some of them with well-known impact in sleep quality had no significant correlation with the improvement in musculoskeletal pain, even though they squalene epoxidase could still impaired the quality of sleep independently [36,37,38,39]. The single night switch, evaluated with actigraphy was aimed to simulate a real admission to a geriatric inpatient unit. Our study found that the SE, in a harder mattress (HFM), had a tendency to decrease, while the SOL increase with statistically significance with a HFM. Similarly, Krystal et al. [40], in a study with actigraphy, found that a harder mattress was associated with an increased pain perception and worse sleep reports; therefore we could suggest that medium firm mattresses could be best rated.
    Conclusions
    Conflicts of interest
    Disclaimer
    Acknowledgment The project was developed through a partnership between Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, and DRIMER, with co-financing from the Fund for Research and Development for Competitiveness (FIDECOM), which is administered by the Fund for Innovation Science and Technology (FINCyT) of the Peruvian Ministry of Production. The grant was awarded through the contract number 103-FINCyT-FIDECOM-PIPEI-2011.
    Introduction Sleep bruxism (SB) is defined as a parafunctional oral activity characterized by grinding of the teeth or clenching of the jaw during sleep. Usually associated with arousals, SB is classified as a sleep movement disorder [1]. Electromyographic (EMG) events are classified as tonic (namely, sustained clenching), phasic (i.e., repeated tooth grinding events) or mixed (a combination of these two patterns) [2]. The precise diagnosis is established based on the association between clinical report, physical exam and polysomnography (PSG) [3–7]. Diagnoses based only on noise reports or on dental wear might overestimate or underestimate the SB [5,8,9]. Histories of noise are subjective and depend on the partner, as well as the partner׳s auditory sensitivity and sleep pattern [5,9]. In addition, SB is not systematically associated with the occurrence of noise [1]. Clinical features such as dental wear and masseter muscle hypertrophy might be related to old habits, dietary profile, occlusal pattern, dental and salivary composition or gastroesophageal reflux [5]. Whole-night PSG combined with EMG of the masseter muscle is considered the gold standard to detect muscle events, as it provides information on the intensity, frequency and type of muscle contractions [2,10,11]. The limitations of this method are variabitity of sleep bruxism, and variations due to environmental changes and audiovisual monitoring [3,9,10,12,13]. EMG scoring to detect SB demand training and precision [3]. The aim of the present study was to assess the concordance between visual EMG scoring performed by one group of dentists and one dentist alone, based on PSG with no audiovisual monitoring.
    Materials and methods Fifty-six PSG tests were used among individuals who had a clinical history of SB and polysomnography criteria of bruxism on the EPISONO study. The PSG was made with bilaterally electrodes on the masseter and temporal muscles. The event scoring was performed according to the American Academy of Sleep Medicine manual [2].