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    • Self reported health SRH is considered to

    2019-06-17

    Self-reported health (SRH) is considered to be a valuable source of data on various aspects of general health. In fact, it is one of the most widely used indicators of health status in survey research, and is recommended by the World Health Organization. SRH can be influenced by individual determinants such as sociodemographic, psychosocial, and behavioral factors. The association between sociodemographic factors and SRH was reported in previous research studies. Epidemiological research has also found the exposure ratio of social variations in psychosocial factors. The social support network or the interpersonal relationship is considerably more important for the migrant population. One study explored the function of Social Support in the Mental Health of Migrant laborers in China, which examined Kartogenin stress, particularly in matters of financial and employment difficulties. In 2008, a China migrant cross-sectional study (n = 475) claimed that the 73 migrant workers would be classified as mentally unhealthy (25% for men, 6% for women),whereas the female migrant laborers who experienced increased stress were more likely to rate their health as poor. Moreover, foreign studies have shown that SRH is a crucial and strong predictor of morbidity and mortality. In particular, Idler and Benyamini found that the association between SRH and mortality even adjusts to prevalent diseases and some health behavior factors. Some surveys have indicated that healthcare service utilization of migrant laborers is far lower than that of the local residents. The health infrastructure is unable to provide adequate healthcare for migrants in China. Moreover, one 2014 survey examined the influence of health-related quality of life and health service utilization in Chinese female migrant laborers, which showed that the factors (e.g., bodily pain, general health, role physical) were associated with more frequent health service utilization in female migrant laborers. However, the latest survey showed that 11% of the laborers will never use healthcare services, and 65% of the migrants will conduct self-treatment. So migrants have to sometimes personally finance their healthcare. Most of the previous studies examined only a few factors, and focused on a very limited area in China about health risk factors of migrant laborers. Although these studies have proven the existence of differences, some of these studies have no exact test to support their conclusions. Moreover, few studies have focused on migrant laborers within the context of a more comprehensive cross-sectional study. Therefore, the current study explored the nature and strength of the association between migrant health and SRH as varied by different risk factors.
    Methods
    Discussion In previous studies, age was found to be a risk factor in SRH, and sex difference in SRH assessment and risk factors were shown to separately reinforce the relevance. Younger migrants were positively selected with respect to health, whereas older migrant laborers were negatively selected. When entire family migration was examined, younger city-bred migrants were unlikely to return to rural areas arising from a basic ignorance of agricultural production. The per capita monthly income for half of the migrant laborers is less than 2500 yuan, according to a 2013 survey conducted by the Chinese National Bureau of Statistics, and only 10% of the migrant laborers surveyed have a monthly income of 3000 yuan. The area of east China is the most financially lucrative for migrant laborers, where the average income is 3528.7 yuan per month, compared with 2915.6 yuan and 3071.8 yuan in the central and western regions, respectively. Some studies have shown that poor self-rated health is more prevalent among people in poor and socially disadvantaged positions. The migrants are more likely to report their health as poor. Younger migrant laborers tended to be selected negatively on the grounds of chronic health disease and disabilities, which reflects an impaired ability to perform daily activities of living. Poor social network, neighborhood problems, and low trust level have stronger associations in SRH among migrant laborers than those of urban residents. Migrating populations are vulnerable without an urban residency permit, and have fewer healthcare services and reduced health insurance use. The association between occupation and SRH reported throughout the literature is different from the previous studies. Another study showed the difference in health outcomes across social/occupational groups.