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The CNP pGC B cGMP pathway
2022-05-24
The CNP/pGC-B/cGMP pathway has been reported to be potent inhibitor of fibrosis, from an intrinsic compensatory protective response as well as a therapeutic in cardiorenal injury and disease states [6,12,13,22,30]. Indeed, fibrosis is a progressive process leading to increased risk for morbidity and
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AP and NF B activation is inhibited by
2022-05-24
AP-1 [16], [17] and NF-κB activation is inhibited by curcumin (diferuloylmethane) [18], [19], the yellow component of Curcuma longa that gives curry its colour and flavour. Curcumin has shown anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties [20], [21], [22], [23], [24], [25], [26] due to the inhibition
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br Materials and methods br Contributors br
2022-05-23
Materials and methods Contributors Acknowledgements This work was funded by the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, Shanxi Province [(2010)255], by a Shanxi Scholarship Council of China, and supported by a grant from the Alzheimer Society UK. The authors declare no conflict of
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Previous researches about ghrelin focused primarily on gastr
2022-05-23
Previous researches about ghrelin focused primarily on gastrointestinal functions [30], energy balance [31], weight [32], and more recently on anxiety [33], [34], [35] and depression [36]. Here, we provided the first demonstration that chronic peripheral or central ghrelin treatment to CUMS rodents
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br Discussion br Concluding remarks There are potentially hu
2022-05-23
Discussion Concluding remarks There are potentially hundreds or thousands of G-quadruplexes which form within promoters, telomeres, RNA transcripts, and even LINEs and SINES [9,11,121,122]. As articulated previously [27], G-quadruplexes are easily targetable with heterocyclic aromatic compound
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These observations are of particular interest in the context
2022-05-23
These observations are of particular interest in the context of recent conceptual changes regarding the mechanisms by which different types of leukocytes contribute to atherogenesis. Over the last decade, the paradigm of the predominant circulatory origin of lesional macrophages has been challenged
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Next we conducted subgroup analyses with stratification alon
2022-05-23
Next, we conducted subgroup analyses with stratification along interaction variables, namely the PPARG SNP and fasting NEFA. The study population was thus stratified into high and low NEFA (along the median NEFA, 561 μmol/L), and PPARG minor allele (Ala) carriers. This stratification resulted in 4 s
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Receptor activator of NF B ligand RANKL and macrophage colon
2022-05-23
Receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) and macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) stimulate the generation of osteoclast TMC125 [10], [11], [12], [13]. In response to sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) signaling, osteoclasts then attach to regions of bone undergoing resorption [14]. In RA when
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br Rationale The present study
2022-05-23
Rationale The present study was motivated to get further insight into the molecular recognition processes of 2-alkyl(amino)ethyl-1,1-bisphosphonates taking compounds 12–14 as reference structures. We have recently demonstrated that TcFPPS inhibitors 12 and 13 bind to the allylic site of the enzym
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br The hedgehog signalling pathway
2022-05-23
The hedgehog signalling pathway The canonical Hh pathway is a conserved, highly complex signalling cascade, with many players and intricate regulation. However, it can be simplified into four fundamental components: i) the ligand Hh, ii) the receptor Patched (Patch [PTCH1]), iii) the signal trans
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The Y H D A
2022-05-23
The Y56H/D168A variant was resistant to all tested PIs, and the inhibitor binding mode determined the molecular mechanism of resistance. Prior to the development of grazoprevir, PIs typically contained large heterocyclic P2 moieties that strongly interacted with S2-subsite residues (Ali et al., 2013
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br Discussion The GlyR is responsible
2022-05-21
Discussion The GlyR is responsible for mediating much of the neuronal inhibition in the brainstem and spinal cord, although these receptors are also found in a number of higher brain regions (Baer et al., 2009, Jonsson et al., 2012, Jonsson et al., 2009, Lynch, 2004). A variety of structurally-di
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Instead our results reveal that autophagy controls
2022-05-21
Instead, our results reveal that autophagy controls the membrane association of the cargo-selective SNX-BAR retromer assembly (comprised of the VPS35/29/26 trimer in association with SNX1/2 and SNX5/6), which has been demonstrated to promote GLUT1 surface recycling. Accordingly, GLUT1 localization i
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br Materials and methods br Results br
2022-05-21
Materials and methods Results Discussion The glucose transporter GLUT1 can be acutely activated or inhibited in L929 fibroblast TGX-221 synthesis by a wide variety of reagents or nutrient conditions [[9], [10], [11], [12],36,50]. This abrupt change in the activity of GLUT1 occurs within min
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The rapid actions of glucocorticoids range from the producti
2022-05-21
The rapid actions of glucocorticoids range from the production of endocannabinoid as a retrograde messenger [9], to regulation of ion channels [10], [11], to inhibitory effects on immune serine protease inhibitor [12], [13], [14]. Many different kinase signaling pathways have been implicated in the
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